Lidia Steven
SUP04
Monte Carlo simulation analysis for radiation damage on Glidcop Al-15 caused by 17-20 MeV/u heavy ions in FRIB
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The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) SRF linear heavy-ion accelerator is designed to accelerate all ions up to uranium to a maximum beam power of 400 kW. Several beam intercepting devices (BIDs) are essential to the successful operation of the accelerator, including a low power charge selector (LPCS) made of copper containing 0.15% precipitated aluminum oxide by weight called Glidcop Al-15. As FRIB ramps up the primary beam power beyond the current 20 kW level, the charge selector must withstand higher radiation damage rates, typically measured in displacements per atom (dpa). Significant beam induced radiation damage including significant deformation, like swelling, blistering, and cracking has been observed on a recently removed LPCS. We also observed physical features up to about 5.5 mm wide and appear to be deeper than the projected range of any ions. This paper presents the results of Monte Carlo simulations carried out using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS), quantifying the total damage dose and ion concentration, etc. Simulating an accurate irradiation history is essential to determining the scope of post irradiation examination (PIE) work.
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2025-MOP04
About: Received: 21 Jun 2025 — Revised: 26 Jun 2025 — Accepted: 26 Jun 2025 — Issue date: 27 Jun 2025
SUP22
Assessment of magnetic quadrupole pick-up structure at FRIB
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A magnetic quadrupole pick-up structure is being assessed for creation and future use at The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michigan State University (MSU). The geometric design makes use of magnetic loops that couple with the radial magnetic field of a beam, allowing for rejection of the common mode of the beam, while leaving the dipole signal as the dominant signal and enhancing the quadruple signal of the beam. Of interest is examining the response due to the multiple charge state heavy ion beams that FRIB produces and the ability to resolve the differing charge states. Presented here is the optimization of the device for the FRIB beamline.
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2025-TUP27
About: Received: 20 Jun 2025 — Revised: 25 Jun 2025 — Accepted: 25 Jun 2025 — Issue date: 27 Jun 2025
MOX01
FRIB operations: first three years
1
During the first three years since May 2022, FRIB has been operating safely meeting expectations of both scientific and industrial users with high machine availability, while ramping up the beam power to 20 kW for heavy ions including uranium. The paper summarizes the operational experience and challenges, accelerator improvement projects, expansions in user stations, accelerator R&D and workforce growth programs, and preparation for facility upgrades*.
Paper: MOX01
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2025-MOX01
About: Received: 19 Jun 2025 — Revised: 22 Jun 2025 — Accepted: 22 Jun 2025 — Issue date: 27 Jun 2025
MOP04
Monte Carlo simulation analysis for radiation damage on Glidcop Al-15 caused by 17-20 MeV/u heavy ions
30
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) SRF linear heavy-ion accelerator is designed to accelerate all ions up to uranium to a maximum beam power of 400 kW. Several beam intercepting devices (BIDs) are essential to the successful operation of the accelerator, including a low power charge selector (LPCS) made of copper containing 0.15% precipitated aluminum oxide by weight called Glidcop Al-15. As FRIB ramps up the primary beam power beyond the current 20 kW level, the charge selector must withstand higher radiation damage rates, typically measured in displacements per atom (dpa). Significant beam induced radiation damage including significant deformation, like swelling, blistering, and cracking has been observed on a recently removed LPCS. We also observed physical features up to about 5.5 mm wide and appear to be deeper than the projected range of any ions. This paper presents the results of Monte Carlo simulations carried out using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS), quantifying the total damage dose and ion concentration, etc. Simulating an accurate irradiation history is essential to determining the scope of post irradiation examination (PIE) work.
Paper: MOP04
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2025-MOP04
About: Received: 21 Jun 2025 — Revised: 26 Jun 2025 — Accepted: 26 Jun 2025 — Issue date: 27 Jun 2025
MOP19
Budget-friendly defense against radiation-induced camera damage
54
Cameras observing scintillating viewers provide a valuable tool for tuning heavy ion beams. The close placement of these cameras near intense stray neutron and ion radiation, particularly at elements intercepting the primary beam, presents a unique reliability challenge. Commercial solutions are sparse, expensive, and sometimes tightly regulated. We present common failure modes observed at FRIB and propose solutions to extend the lifespan of unspecialized industrial cameras using consumer-grade hardware and open-source software.
Paper: MOP19
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2025-MOP19
About: Received: 22 Jun 2025 — Revised: 24 Jun 2025 — Accepted: 25 Jun 2025 — Issue date: 27 Jun 2025
Rare-Isotope production with the ARIS separator system at FRIB
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams signifies a major advancement in rare isotope beams for research. Delivering heavy and exotic rare isotope beams is accomplished with the Advanced Rare Isotope Separator (ARIS), which creates, purifies and transports radioactive beams. These secondary beams can range from hydrogen to uranium. Every RIB is carefully planned, produced and characterized by ARIS’s system of diagnostics, detectors and data acquisition (DAQ). ARIS detectors can measure the time of flight, energy loss, charge, gamma-rays and position of the species in the beam, allowing the identity, rate, purity, energy and emittance of each rare isotope to be accurately quantified. The needs of each experiment drive the requirement for tuning, to achieve the desired RIB properties for diverse experiments. In this presentation, the current ARIS system of scintillators, PPACs (parallel plate avalanche counters), silicon and gamma-ray detectors, and associated DAQ will be discussed. Furthermore, the ARIS detector system will undergo upgrades to support the main LINAC upgrades from the current 20kW, and these upcoming challenges and changes to detectors and DAQ will be included as well.
TUP27
Assessment of magnetic quadrupole pick-up structure at FRIB
162
A magnetic quadrupole pick-up structure is being assessed for creation and future use at The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michigan State University (MSU). The geometric design makes use of magnetic loops that couple with the radial magnetic field of a beam, allowing for rejection of the common mode of the beam, while leaving the dipole signal as the dominant signal and enhancing the quadruple signal of the beam. Of interest is examining the response due to the multiple charge state heavy ion beams that FRIB produces and the ability to resolve the differing charge states. Presented here is the optimization of the device for the FRIB beamline.
Paper: TUP27
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2025-TUP27
About: Received: 20 Jun 2025 — Revised: 25 Jun 2025 — Accepted: 25 Jun 2025 — Issue date: 27 Jun 2025
WEP07
Beam loss detection and mitigation at FRIB
204
This work presents an overview of beam loss detection and mitigation at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). A diverse array of loss monitoring systems—including ion chambers, neutron detectors, halo rings, fast thermometry, and differential beam current monitors (BCM)—are deployed to detect losses ranging from large events that risk machine damage to low-level losses that result in undesirable machine activation. To ensure protection, hundreds of detector thresholds with varying time responses are precisely configured for each beam mode, ion species, and energy. The Threshold Configuration Tool (TCT), a sophisticated software solution, optimizes these thresholds to safeguard the machine while minimizing false trips. Additionally, FRIB’s high-power beam employs a novel self-healing liquid lithium film charge stripper, which introduces beam energy fluctuations and occasional gaps in the film, leading to downstream losses. Fast and slow feedback systems stabilize the post-stripper beam energy, effectively reducing these losses. This work will discuss how FRIB experiences running at 10kW beam power influenced the evolution of our systems and tools.*
Paper: WEP07
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2025-WEP07
About: Received: 20 Jun 2025 — Revised: 23 Jun 2025 — Accepted: 23 Jun 2025 — Issue date: 27 Jun 2025
Production and tuning of heavy ion beams for FSEE experiments
FSEE has been established at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) to provide heavy ion beams for testing Single Event Effects (SEE). It shares the existing FRIB front-end and the first segment of superconducting linac with a dedicated beam line and an end-user station. Highly charged ions in cocktails are produced with Electron Cyclotron Resonance ion sources. Beam species are then selected and injected into a cw Radio Frequency Quadrupole with an external buncher followed by a cw superconducting linac consisting of 100 quarter-wave resonators that can output continuously up to 20 MeV/u for heaviest ions and 40 MeV/u for light ions. The 17-meter FSEE line starts with a dipole followed by scattering foils and a unique optical lattice consisting of 4 quadrupoles and 2 octupoles to obtain a uniform beam with size up to 20cm by 20cm. With 7 ions at 16 energies, FSEE has been providing an extensive range of beam parameters for users since its commissioning in 2021. We will present the design, development, and operation of the FSEE facility, discuss the beam tuning and characterization of beam parameters with sets of diagnostics and physics applications including Machine Learning.
Radiation effects beamline developments at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams
A new capability for heavy-ion single-event effects (SEE) testing in electronics systems has been implemented on the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) linear accelerator, providing beams to users in the ~10 – 40 MeV/nucleon range. We discuss the design and implementation of the FRIB SEE (FSEE) beamline and user interfaces including descriptions of: (i) the beamline optical lattice and layout; (ii) establishment and changing of linac tunes to support testing requirements; (iii) ion source development to support fast and frequent beam changes; and (iv) dosimetry instrumentation and user support infrastructure. We review operational experience and include discussion of ongoing development efforts in dosimetry and facility capabilities to deliver high-flux, short-pulse heavy ion beams. Development of the K500 cyclotron into a dedicated facility, and options for a high energy beamline are introduced.
Recent developments in low and medium energy ion beam facilities for radiation effects testing
Ion beam facilities that operate in the 0.01 to 50 MeV/u energy range are useful materials development and electronic testing of semiconductor components. Currently used accelerator architectures include tandem linacs, cyclotrons, and RF linacs which provide a wide set of testing parameters in terms of ion species, beam energy, spatiotemporal format, and flux. We report on the current status and planned facility developments at the tandem (ANU, BNL), cyclotron (LBNL, MSU, TAMU), and RF linac (MSU) facilities. Trends in use cases and anticipated demand to support various research communities are discussed.
FRA02
Rare-isotope production optics of ARIS preseparator
274
The Advance Rare Isotope Separator (ARIS) at FRIB provides in-flight purification of rare-isotope beams (RIB) generated by projectile fragmentation or fission on a target. Beams of stable ions from a driver linac impinge on a graphite target thin enough such that products main-tain velocities close to that of the incident beam. The incident primary beam impinges on-target at about 200 MeV/u (for uranium and higher for lighter species). The energy may be lower than the maximum allowed, de-pending on the requirements of the experiment. Using multi-charge state acceleration, the linac has most recently provided up to 20 kW on-target with a long-term goal of reaching 400 kW. Specialized magnets, collimators and other components have been integrated into the separator to withstand harsh conditions and facil-itate maintenance. The optics properties at the beam dump are important since the power density must be kept low enough to avoid failure of the material. We describe the various optics modes that have been developed for safe operations and maximizing the beam power allowed for RIB production.
Paper: FRA02
DOI: reference for this paper: 10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2025-FRA02
About: Received: 21 Jun 2025 — Revised: 22 Jun 2025 — Accepted: 23 Jun 2025 — Issue date: 27 Jun 2025